HORDB

ID: hor006410
Uniprot ID: P22890
Protein name: Glucagon
Gene name: GCG
Organism: Octodon degus (Degu) (Sciurus degus)
Family: Glucagon family
Source: animal
Expression: Glucagon release is stimulated by hypoglycemia and inhibited by hyperglycemia, insulin, and somatostatin. GLP-1 and GLP-2 are induced in response to nutrient ingestion (By similarity). |Glucagon is secreted in the A cells of the islets of Langerhans. GLP-
Disease: NA
Comments: NA
Taxonomy: Octodon (genus), Octodontidae (family), Hystricomorpha (suborder), Rodentia (order), Glires , Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria , Eutheria , Theria , Mammalia (class), Amniota , Tetrapoda , Dipnotetrapodomorpha , Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi , Teleostomi , Gnathostomata , Vertebrata , Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia , Bilateria , Eumetazoa , Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta , Eukaryota (superkingdom),cellular organisms
GO MF: GO:0005179 hormone activity
GO BP: GO:0007165 signal transduction; GO:0014823 response to activity; GO:0042593 glucose homeostasis; GO:0050796 regulation of insulin secretion; GO:0050896 response to stimulus
GO CC: GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space

Sequence: HSQGTFTSDYSKFLDTRRAQDFLDWLKNT
Length: 29
Propeptide: MKSIYFVAGLFVMLVQGSWQHPLQDTEEKPRSFSTSQTDLLDDPDQMNEDKRHSQGTFTSDYSKFLDTRRAQDFLDWLKNTKRNRNEIAKRHDEFERHAEGTFTSDVSSYLEGQAAKEFIAWLVKGRGRRDFPEEVTIVEELRRRHADGSFSDEMNTVLDHLATKDFINWLIQTKITDRK
Signal peptide: MKSIYFVAGLFVMLVQGSWQ
Modification: T2 Phosphoserine
Glycosylation: NA
Mutagenesis: NA

Function: [Glucagon]: Plays a key role in glucose metabolism and homeostasis. Regulates blood glucose by increasing gluconeogenesis and decreasing glycolysis. A counterregulatory hormone of insulin, raises plasma glucose levels in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Plays an important role in initiating and maintaining hyperglycemic conditions in diabetes.
Mechanism: NA
Cross BBB: NA
Target: NA
Target Unid: NA
IC50: NA
EC50: NA
ED50: NA
kd: NA
Half life: NA

Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)

hor006410_AF2.pdb

hor006410_ESM.pdb

Mass:	397839	Formula:	C155H229N43O49
Absent amino acids:	CEIMPV	Common amino acids:	DT
pI:	7.54	Basic residues:	5
Polar residues:	10	Hydrophobic residues:	8
Hydrophobicity:	-105.86	Boman Index:	-9004
Half-Life:	3.5 hour	Half-Life Yeast:	10 min
Half-Life E.Coli:	>10 hour	Aliphatic Index	43.79
Instability Index:	3463.45	Extinction Coefficient cystines:	6990
Absorbance 280nm:	249.64

PubMed ID: 2293024
Title: Cloning of complementary DNAs encoding islet amyloid polypeptide, insulin, and glucagon precursors from a New World rodent, the degu, Octodon degus.
PubMed ID: 12554744
Title: Glucagon-like peptides: regulators of cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
PubMed ID: 12626323
Title: Glucagon and regulation of glucose metabolism.
PubMed ID: 10322410
Title: Glucagon-like Peptide 2.
PubMed ID: 10605628
Title: The glucagon-like peptides.